Zerland



(No Model.)

H 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. B. GMUR 8; 0. PLATZ. DYNAMO FOR TELEGRAPHIOPURPOSES.

Patented Jan. 22, 1889.

N. PEIERS. PhuwLnho n her. Washmgfinn. D. c.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. B. GMUR & O. FLATZ.

DYNAMO FOR TELEGRAPHIG PURPOSES. No. 396,557., Patented Jan. 22, 1889.

(No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 3.

B. GMUR'& O. FLATZ.

DYNAMO FOR TELEGRAPHIO PURPOSES. No. 396,557. Patented Jan. 22, 1889.

Zita/7720?;-

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

B. GMUR & 0. PLATZ. DYNAMO FOR TBLEGRAPHIO PURPOSES.

No. 396,557. Patented Jan. 22, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEErcE.

BERTHOLI) GMUR, OF SCHAXIS, AND OTTO FLATZ, OF NIEDERI'RNEX, SWIT-ZERLAND, ASSIGNOBS OF ONE-HALF TO BRONISLAV DEISENBEBG, OF TRAVNIK,BOSNIA, AND JOSEPH GMI R, OF SCI'IANIS, SIVITZERLAXD.

DYNAMO FOR TELEGRAPHIC PURPOSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 396,557, dated January22, 1889.

Application filed June 9, 1888. Serial No, 276,564. No model.)

To (ZZZ whom it may concern: results, whereby the armature speed of theBe it known that we, BERTHOLD GM'UR, a dynamo will be constant, as wellas its eleccitizen of the Republic of Switzerland, residtro-motiveforce.

ing at Schanis, in the Republic of Switzerland, By switching with aspecial switch the two 5 and OTTO FLATZ, a subject of the Emperor ofshunt-coils of the field magnet in multiple Austria, residing atNiederurnen, in the Reare or in series it becomes easy to change thepublic of Switzerland, have invented certain electro-motive force of thedynamo nearly innew and useful Improvements in Generating stantlyaccording to the resistance of the tele- Electric Currents forTelegraphic and Telegraph-circuitthat is to say, to get in this 10phonic Purposes, (which has not been patway currents for local or linecircuits. Be-

ented to ourselves or to others with our knowlsides this, theelectro-motive force of the cur- 6o edge or consent in any country) ofwhich the rent-generator may be changed by altering following is aspecification. the working weight of the motor. Every case Our inventionconsists in the combination produces anew state of equilibrium answer- I5 of a dynamo or magneto electric machine esing to a given steadytension at the poles of pecially designed and wound for this purthedynamo. The apparatus having, therepose with a weight motor providedwith a fore, in consequence of its construction a hoisting mechanism.The telegraph-operator steady speed of armature, needs no special isenabled by this contrivance to effect a conspeed-regulator and no extraresistance-coils 2o stant traction on the dynamo or magneto for theoutside circuit. In consequence of the electric machine by his personallabor and relatively high resistance of the field-magnet without beinghindered in his other duties, coils and their relatively smallmagnetizing and he can by these means generate an inpower in comparisonwith other shunt-dyexpensive, steady, and always ready current names,and in proportion to the electro-mo- 25 for telegraphic and telephonicpurposes intive force of this dynamo, (for instance, the

stead of by using galvanic batteries. electro-motive force of thisdynamo being The resistance of the shunt-coils which are about fortyvolts, the resistance of the shuntwound on the field-magnet of thedynamocircuit formed by the field-magnet coils will electric machine isabout one-third to onebe about five hundred ohms.) the mostpart 0fifteenth as much as the resistance of the outof the horseshoe of thefield-magnet is made side circuit formed by the receiving appaofcast-iron, so as to always have sufficient 8o ratus (sounders,registers, relays, &c.) and remnant of magnetism, that the apparatus thetelegraph-lines. In consequence the elecmay give current immediately andshow in atrical energy needed by the outside circuit few seconds theproper speed and electro-mo 5 will be only a small portion of the wholemeti e force. I

chanical work which the dynamo-electric ma- By the combination of ourspecial weight- 8 5 chine has to transmit into electrical energy. motorwith the currcnt-generator the rotation In consequence of thisproportion of resistof the armature in always the same direction ance ofdynamo-shunt and the outside ciris secured, and by further details ofconstruc- 4o cuit the intensity of the current in the armation, setforth in the description hereinafter,

ture-wire is nearly independent from switchthe security of and ease inworking the ap- 9o ing the outside circuit on or off by the teleparatusis guaranteed by the possibility of graph-key. Therefore the mechanicalwork immediately starting or stopping it.

- obtained from the weight-motor being always In the accompanyingdrawings, which form 45 nearly the same, the outside circuit being partof this specification, Figure 1 represents switched on or off, and asthe traction of the a sectional side elevation of the apparatus. 5weight on the armature of the dynamo due Fig. 3 represents an endelevation, partly in to the construction of the motor beingnecessection. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the apparasarily always the same,a state of equilibrium tus. Fig. is a detail section along the shaft ofthe ratchet-wheels. Fig. 5.is a detail view of the brake mechanism. Fig.6 is a vertical section of the switch on the line 0 c, Fig. 7; and Fig.7 is a plan view of part of the dynamo and switch.

A cast iron or other frame, a, is placed over the cut-out top of atable, t, or other suitable support. The shafts b c d of the dentedwheels 1), b and U are journaled in suitable bearings in the f *ame a.The wheel Z2 gears into a pinion, c, on the armature-shaft of thedynamo, the wheel 11 gears into a pinion, 0 on the shaft Z), and thewheel 1) gears into a pinion, c, on the shaft 0. A chain-wheel, 7:, isfastened on the shaft d of the dented wheel 1) The shaft 6 supports mostof the hoisting mechanism, as follows: Fastened on the shaft 6 is achain-wheel, k, and also two ratchetwheels, 5 and .2' preferably onopposite sides of the chain-wheel 7t. Hung loosely on this shaft 6 isahoisting-pulley,r,which is secured against lateral displacement by asteady ring, 0 on one side, and the ratchet-wheel 2' on the other side.

cc and 90 are two clicks, which. are in gear in the teeth of theratchet-wheels z and .2 respectively. The pivot of the click cc, whichis in gear with the ratchet-wheel z, is fastened to the frame a, (seeFig. 4,) and the pivot of the click 00 is fastened to the pulley r. Theclick 00 is pressed against the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 5 by aspring, 05 secured to the pulley r.

The mechanism 1/ b 12 &c., is put in motion by a weight, f, preferablyconsisting of several removable plates. The weight f hangs by the pulley1", carried thereby in a loop of the endless chain on, which chain islaid over the chain-wheel k and over pulleys r 0' and hung in the frameover a pulley, r carried by aweight, f, over the chain-wheel Ac on theshaft 6 and over the pulley r. The chain is kept. straight by the smallcounter-weight f, that carries the pulley n is a. chain that serves forhoisting the weight f. Said chain is connected at one end to the pedalZ. It passes thence over the leading pulley r hung in the frame and overthe hoisting-pulley 0', to which it is fastened. It thenproceeds to aspring, 5, to which at n the other end of the chain is connected. Theopposite end of the spring 8 is linked in a fixture, n joining thetable-legs. A stop, a, limits the upward movement of the weight f. Theiron frame (L also supports the currentgenerator.

In the foregoing description and accompanying drawings it is shown howthe effect of the weight-motor isconveyed to the armature of the dynamoby means of toothed wheels. If preferred, the transmission of the effectof the weight-motor to the dynamo may be made by means of pulleys andbelts, or by frictionwheels, in place of the toothed wheels.

The current-generator is a so-called shuntdynamo with a drum-armature.The iron cores E of the field-magnet are wound with shunt-coils E andthe pillow-block A is screwed on the cast-iron bed-plate G of thedynamo. The bed -plate therefore joins both magnetcores and completesthe magnetical horseshoe. A bearing, B, is cast in the bed plate. Theshaft 0 of the armature lies in the bearings A and ll and the armatureis almost completely inclosed by the 'pole-pieces ofv the field-magnet.The pins of the brushholders are fixed and isolated on a frame, C, whichis movable around the shaft of the armature. The brush-frame is pressedto a disk cast to the bearing B by two flat springs, V. The brushes Dmay be pressed to the collector in any suitable well-known manner. Twowires or cables, d", join the brush-pins with two contact-pieces of theswitcher U.

The brushes preferably consist each of two cylindrical bundles of thincopper wires held together by a German-silver binding-piece. On the freeend of the armature or drum shaft 0 outside the pillow-block A, arefixed the pinion c and a brake-disk, B. The currentswitcher U is screwedon the pole-pieces of the field-magnet E and consists of fourcontact-pieces, 1 2 3 fixed on a little board. Said contact-pieces areadapted to be joined by a movable cross or switch, F, consisting of twocopper or other bars, F and F isolated from each other by the insulatorF which cross or switch F makes contacts with 1, 2,. and 4 by its ownelasticity. One of the bars of the switch F is provided with a handle, fThe contact-pieces 1 and 3 are connected with the cables (1, coming fromthe brush-holders, and also with wires (Z (1, coming from the outsidecircuitnamely, the one from the ground and the other from thetelegraph-line.

The two inner terminals of the shunt-coils of the field-magnet arejoined to the contactpieces 1 and 3, while the other terminals of theseshunt-coils are joined to the contactpieces 2 and 4c. lVhen the handle fof the cross or switch lever F is moved to the left,

it makes contact between the pieces 2 and 4,

whereby the shunt-coils of the field-magnet are switchedin series. Ifthe cross-lever F is moved to the right, the contact-pieces 1 and 4 willbe joined as well as 2 and 3, and so the shunt-coils of the field-magnetwill be switched in multiple are. If the lever stands in the centralposition, as shown in the drawings, the two ends of the outside circuitwill be joined directly and the coils of the dynamo' machine switchedoff from the outside circuit, and therefore protected against lightning.

The brake is constructed as follows; A small iron bar, N, that lies in abearing in the cast-iron bed-plate G of the dynamo-machine, is providedwith a handle, L, at one end, and at its other end with an elastictongue, N. On the iron bar N is a pin, 1 which limits the turning ofsaid bar to an angle of, say, ninety degrees. The elastic tongue Nis soapplied that by turning the brake off it conveys to the armature aturning motion in the direction of rotation, resulting'also' of thetable may be guaranteed by a joining iron bar, q,which serves also as anaxis to the pedal Z of the hoisting mechanism.

If the apparatus is to be put in use for a telegraphic correspondence,the operator disengages the brake by turning the lever L to the left,and therewith conveys a powerful turning motion to the armature in thedirection of the weight-traction. The effect of the weightmotor producesthe normal speed needed by the current-generator shaft 0 in a fewseconds. It the normal speed is wanted in even less time, it suffices toincrease the 2 pressure on the pedal, whereby the weightpulley r isstopped in its upgoing course by r the stopu and an accelerated rotationon the armature is effected. As soon as the dynamo has reached itsnormal velocity, the electrical current is ready for use forcorrespondence. At certain intervals the big weight must be lifted bypressure on the pedal. The downward motion of the pedal Z gives to thepulley '2' a turning motion to the right. The ratchetwheels .2 and .2and the chain-wheel 7r. being fastened on the shaft 6, and the click a2,being in gear with the ratchet-wheel .2 the shaft 6, carrying thechain-wheel k, must follow the turning motion of the pulley r to theright, whereby the weight f is lifted. At the raising of the foot andthe return of the pedal effected by the spring 8 drawing on the chain athe pulley r and the click come back to their former places. The click 1,fastened to the frame a, prevents the return of the two ratchet-wheelsand the chain-wheel is. hen

the correspondence is ended, the brake-lever is to be turned to theright, the brake-disk enters between the elastic tongue N of the brake,and the whole mechanism is stopped by friction.

If a high electro-motive force for a line-circuit is wanted from thedynamo, the lever F of the switcher U should be turned to the i left,whereby the magnetizing-shunt of the dynamo is formed by the two coilsof the tield- If a low electrol magnet switched in series. motive forceis wanted to act between relay and sounder or register, the switcher Fmust be turned to the right, whereby the two coils E of the field-magnetare switched in multiple are, giving a shunt of one-fourth theresistance in the former case. Immediately the speed of the mechanismwill be brought down and the current-generator will give the de siredelectron1otive force for the local circuit.

During tlninder-storms the switch-lever F must stand in the middle. Thedynamo is then switched off from the outside circuit. If the operatorwants for his correspondence a higher or lower electro-motive force,this l can also be effected by increasing or decreasing theworking-weight j, which change of weight can be made quite easily.

In usingamagneto-electric machine in combination with this weight-motorthe most part of the armature-eurrent is to be consumed in a steady orchangeable resistance base of about one-third to one-fifteenth as muchresistance as that of the respective outside circuit. The poles of theresistance-coil should 5 be in contact with the poles of themagnetoelectric machine. There results by the above arrangement of usingmagneto-electric machines in combination with our weight-motor .a stateof equilibrium with constant speed i and constant electro-motive forcewhich is independent from switching the outside circuit 3 on or off, ashas been described for dynamoelectrical machines.

The new practical elfects and advantages of our invention consist First.In the possibility of using dynamo- 3 electric currents for telegraphicand telel phonic purposes, so that the galvanic batteries now in use canbe dispensed with for large and small stations without need of other 1power than the small physical effort of the 1 telegraph-operator. Thisis attained by our 1 peculiar construction of the dynamo in combinationwith the described weight-motor, wherewith an ever and evei vwhere readyand inexpensive electric source for all telegraphic work is given. lSecond. In the mssibility of using this j electrical source for allrespective distances t'or line-circuits, and also for local circuits,having only, when adjusting the apparatus gfor another distance, to turnthe dynamoswitcher or to change the amount of the drivfing-weight, therebeing no need of putting i any extra resistances in the outside circuit.Third. In always having the same current I in the outside circuit,resulting from the conistant electrical tension at the poles of the ldynamo or magneto electric machine, and for this reason the injuriousand time-consuming adjustments of the receiving apparatus are 1overcome. 1 Fourth. In the very small amount of space needed for thewhole apparatus. l Fifth. In the simplicity of all the details of theapparatus, which apparatus possesses at the same time the necessarystability, being easily transported, worked, and stopped.

Having now described our invention, what we claim is- 1. A weight-motorconsisting of a train of gearing containing a chain-wheel, 71', anendless chain, at, having two loops, one of said i loops engaging thewheel 7;, a weight, f, carryjing a roller, r, that is placed in one ofthe loops of the chain 272, and chain-wheel 7r, for the chain m, ratchet2 rigid with said wheel k, and pulley '1', having a pawl, 00 to engagethe ratchet-wheel F2 and a treadle, 7, con

nected by a chain, 'n,to the pulley 1, combined with a dynamo or magnetoelectric machine,

all arranged and operating substantially as herein shown and described.

2. A weight-motor consisting of a train of gearing containing achaii'i-wheel, Ir, an endless chain, on, having two loops, one of saidloops engaging the wheel Ir, a weight, f, carrying a roller, r, that isplaced in one of the loops of the chain m, and chain-wheel It, for thechain m, ratchet 2 rigid with said wheel 71), and pulley '7, having apawl, .90 to engage the ratchet-wheel 2 and a treadle, Z, connected by achain, 91, to the pulley 1*, combined with a dynamo-electric machineprovided with a field-magnet made of a metallic conductor for retainingmagnetism, said field-magnet bei ing wound with shunt-coils of highresistance and magnetized with small current-power, whereby the dynamowill give quick and certain currents with the speed obtained from saidweight-motor, substantially as described.

A weight-motor consisting of a train of gearing containing achain-wheel, 7;, an endless chain, vn, having two loops, one of saidloops engaging the wheel 75, aweight,f, carrying a roller, 2", that isplaced in one of the loops of the chain on, and chain-wheel La, for thechain in, ratchet 5' rigid with said wheel 70, and pulley '2, having apawl, 13 to engage the ratchet wheel .2 and a treadle, 1, connected by achain, 91, to the pulley '2', combined with a dynamo-electric machinehaving a fieldmagnet consisting of a cast-iron bed-plate, two l ironcores secured to said bed-plate, said cores being wound with shunt-coilsof high resist ance that are magnetized with small currentpower, allarranged and operating substantially as herein shown and described.

4. A weight-motor consisting of a train of gearing containing achain-wheel, 7c, an endless chain, m, having two loops, one of saidloops engaging the wheel k, a weight, f, car ying a roller, 0 that isplaced in one of the loops of the chain on, and chain-wheel k, for thechain in, ratchet .2 rigid with said wheel 76', and pulley 0', having apawl, .12 to engage the ratchet-wheel 2 and a treadle, Z, connected by achain, 21, to the pulley 1*, combined with a dynamo-electric machinehayin g a fieldinagnet that is wound with shunt-coils of about one-thirdto one-fifteenth as much resistance as that of the respective outsidecircuit, substantially as herein shown and described.

5. In a dynamo-machine, the cores E, having shun t-coils E E, combinedwith the switch U, having contact-pieces 1, 2, 3, and l, that areconnected to the shunt-coils and brushes, as described, and with thecross-switch F, that is adapted to engage two or more of thecontact-pieces 1 2 3 4 at a time, whereby the field-magnet may beswitched into series or multiple arc, and whereby the coils of thedynamo may be cut off from the outside circuit to protect the dynamofrom lightning, sub stantially as described.

(1. In a dynamo or magneto electrical ma chine for telegraphic ortelephonic purposes, the armature-shaft c and the disk B, carried bysaid shaft, combined with the brake consisting of the bar N, handle L,and elastic tongue N, all arranged substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

BERTHOLD GMUR, OTTO FLATZ.

\Yitnesses:

EMIL BLUM, WILLIAM SCHNEIDER.

